References

  1. S.J. Duranceau, R.J. Wilder, S.S. Douglas, Guidance and recommendations for post-treatment of desalinated water, J. AWWA, 104 (2012) 510–520.
  2. Israel Health Ministry, Public Health Regulations, The Sanitary Quality of Drinking Water, Annex 6: Monitoring and Quality Instructions for Desalination, 2013. https://www.health.gov.il/Subjects/Environmental Health/drinking water/Documents/Briut47-Eng.pdf.
  3. H. Shemer, D. Hasson, R. Semiat, Design considerations of a packed calcite bed for hardening desalinated water, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 52 (2013) 10549–10553.
  4. H. Shemer, D. Hasson, R. Semiat, State-of-the-art review on post-treatment technologies, Desalination, 356 (2015) 285–293.
  5. V.V. Rosen, O.G.G. Garber, Y. Chen, Magnesium deficiency in tap water in Israel: the desalination era, Desalination, 426 (2018) 88–96.
  6. M. Shlezinger, Y. Amitai, A. Akriv, H. Gabay, M. Shechter, M. Leventer-Roberts, Association between exposure to desalinated sea water and ischemic heart disease, diabetes mellitus and colorectal cancer: a population-based study in Israel, Environ. Res., 166 (2018) 620–627.
  7. L. Birnhack, O. Lahav, A new post-treatment process for attaining Ca2+, Mg2+, SO42– and alkalinity criteria in desalinated water, Water Res., 41 (2007) 3989–3997.
  8. D. Hasson, R. Semiat, H. Shemer, M. Priel, N. Nadav, Simple process for hardening desalinated water with Mg2+ ions, Desal. Wat. Treat., 51 (2013) 924–929.
  9. R. Schwartz, H. Shemer, D. Hasson, R. Semiat, Design model for magnesium ions re-mineralization of desalinated water by dissolution of magnesia grains, Desalination, 373 (2015) 10–15.
  10. L. Birnhack, N. Fridman, O. Lahav, Potential applications of quarry dolomite for post treatment of desalinated water, Desal. Wat. Treat., 1 (2009) 58–67.
  11. M. Greiserman, D. Hasson, R. Semiat, H. Shemer, Kinetics of dolomite dissolution in a packed bed by acidified desalinated water, Desalination, 396 (2016) 39–47.
  12. M. Poffet, M. Skovby, N.C. Nelson, J. Kallenberg, New Re-mineralization Process Using Micronized Calcite as a Sustainable Alternative to the Lime Dosing System, Proceedings of IDA Desalination and Water Reuse Congress, Tianjin, China, Ref.: IDAWC/TIAN13-052, 2013, 17 pp.
  13. N.C. Nelson, M. Poffet, J. Kallenberg, The Retrofit of Existing Lime Dosing System with Micronized Calcium Carbonate, Proceedings of IDA Desalination and Water Reuse Congress, San Diego, CA., Ref: IDAWC15-Nelson 51640, 2015, 13 pp.
  14. N.C. Nelson, M. Poffet, J. Kallenberg, Re-mineralization Processes with Micronized Calcium Carbonate Providing Superior Water Quality, Proceedings of EDS Conference Desalination for the Environment, Rome, Italy, 2016, 24 pp.
  15. N.C. Nelson, A. Lakretz, E. Gelman, S. Bleich, I. David, M. Priel, H. Riepl, J. Kallenberg, Techno-economic Evaluation and Pilot Testing of New Stabilization Process for Desalinated Water, Proceedings of IDA Desalination and Water Congress, São Paulo, Brazil, Ref: IDA17WC-57930 Nelson, 2017, 15 pp.
  16. H. Shemer, A. Sagiv, M. Holenberg, A. Zach Maor, Filtration characteristics of threaded microfiber water filters, Desalination, 431 (2018) 80–85.
  17. D. Hasson, L. Fine, A. Sagiv, R. Semiat, H. Shemer, Modelling re-mineralization of desalinated water by micronized calcite dissolution, Environ. Sci. Technol., 51 (2017) 12481–12488.
  18. O. Levenspiel, Chemical Reaction Engineering. American Public Health Association, 3rd ed., 1999, Chapter 16.
  19. APHA, Standard Methods for Water and Wastewater Examination, 21st ed., American Public Health Association, Washington D.C., USA, 2005.