References

1. J. Fito, S.W.H. Van Hulle, Wastewater reclamation and reuse potentials in agriculture: towards environmental sustainability, Environ. Dev. Sustain. 23 (2021) 2949–2972.
2. Z.Z. Loh, N.S. Zaidi, A. Syafiuddin, E.L. Yong, R. Boopathy, A.B. Hong Kueh, D.D. Prastyo, Shifting from conventional to organic filter media in wastewater biofiltration treatment: a review, Appl. Sci., 11 (2021) 8650, doi: 10.3390/app11188650.
3. D. Crutchik, J.L. Campos, Municipal wastewater reuse: is it a competitive alternative to seawater desalination?, Sustainability, 13 (2021) 6815, doi: 10.3390/su13126815.
4. G. Sharma, Mu. Naushad, Adsorptive removal of noxious cadmium ions from aqueous medium using activated carbon/ zirconium oxide composite: isotherm and kinetic modelling, J. Mol. Liq., 310 (2020) 113025, doi:10.1016/j.molliq.2020.113025.
5. A.A.H. Faisal, S.F.A. Al-Wakel, H.A. Assi, L.A. Naji, Mu. Naushad, Waterworks sludge-filter sand permeable reactive barrier for removal of toxic lead ions from contaminated groundwater, J. Water Process Eng., 33 (2020) 101112, doi: 10.1016/j.jwpe.2019.101112.
6. Mu. Naushad, A. Mittal, M. Rathore, V. Gupta, Ion-exchange kinetic studies for Cd(II), Co(II), Cu(II), and Pb(II) metal ions over a composite cation exchanger, Desal. Water Treat., 54 (2015) 2883–2890.
7. S. Muthusaravanan, N. Sivarajasekar, J.S. Vivek, T. Paramasivan, Mu. Naushad, J. Prakashmaran, V. Gayathri, O.K. Al-Duaij, Phytoremediation of heavy metals: mechanisms, methods and enhancements, Environ. Chem. Lett., 16 (2018) 1339–1359.
8. K. Balasubramani, N. Sivarajasekar, Mu. Naushad, Effective adsorption of antidiabetic pharmaceutical (metformin) from aqueous medium using graphene oxide nanoparticles: equilibrium and statistical modelling, J. Mol. Liq., 301 (2020) 112426, doi: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.112426.
9. T. Distefano, S. Kelly, Are we in deep water? Water scarcity and its limits to economic growth, Ecol. Econ., 142 (2017) 130–147.
10. A. Omer, N.A. Elagib, M. Zhuguo, F. Saleem, A. Mohammed, Water scarcity in the Yellow River Basin under future climate change and human activities, Sci. Total Environ., 749 (2020) 141446, doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141446.
11. K.E. Lee, M. Mokhtar, M. Mohd Hanafiah, A. Abdul Halim, J. Badusah, Rainwater harvesting as an alternative water resource in Malaysia: potential, policies and development, J. Cleaner Prod., 126 (2016) 218–222.
12. B. Jefferson, A. Laine, S. Parsons, T. Stephenson, S. Judd, Technologies for domestic wastewater recycling, Urban Water, 1 (2000) 285–292.
13. K. Chojnacka, A. Witek-Krowiak, K. Moustakas, D. Skrzypczak, K. Mikula, M. Loizidou, A transition from conventional irrigation to fertigation with reclaimed wastewater: prospects and challenges, Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev., 130 (2020) 109959, doi: 10.1016/j.rser.2020.109959.
14. C. Tortajada, Contributions of recycled wastewater to clean water and sanitation sustainable development goals, NPJ Clean Water, 3 (2020) 22, doi: 10.1038/s41545-020-0069-3.
15. A. Ratnasari, A. Syafiuddin, A.B.H. Kueh, S. Suhartono, T. Hadibarata, Opportunities and challenges for sustainable bioremediation of natural and synthetic estrogens as emerging water contaminants using bacteria, fungi, and algae, Water, Air, Soil Pollut., 232 (2021), doi: 10.1007/s11270-021-05183-3.
16. A. Ratnasari, A. Syafiuddin, N.S. Zaidi, A.B. Hong Kueh, T. Hadibarata, D.D. Prastyo, R. Ravikumar,
    P. Sathishkumar, Bioremediation of micropollutants using living and non-living algae – current perspectives and challenges, Environ. Pollut., 292 (2022) 118474, doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118474.
17. Z. Nur Syamimi, K. Muda, J. Sohaili, M. Sillanpää, Optimization of activated sludge physical properties by magnetic field via response surface modeling, Appl. Mech. Mater., 567 (2014) 98–103.
18. N.S. Zaidi, K. Muda, J. Sohaili, S. Toemen, N.Z. Yusof, Optimization of operating parameters for aggregation under magnetic field by response surface methodology, ARPN J. Eng. Appl. Sci., 11 (2016) 2419–2425.
19. A. Ratnasari, A. Syafiuddin, R. Boopathy, S. Malik, M. Aamer Mehmood, R. Amalia, D. Dwi Prastyo,
    N. Syamimi Zaidi, Advances in pretreatment technology for handling the palm oil mill effluent: challenges and prospects, Bioresour. Technol., 344 (2022) 126239, doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126239.
20. P.R. Rout, T.C. Zhang, P. Bhunia, R.Y. Surampalli, Treatment technologies for emerging contaminants in wastewater treatment plants: a review, Sci. Total Environ., 753 (2021) 141990, doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141990.
21. H. Ozgun, B. Cicekalan, Y. Akdag, I. Koyuncu, I. Ozturk, Comparative evaluation of cost for preliminary and tertiary municipal wastewater treatment plants in Istanbul, Sci. Total Environ., 778 (2021) 146258, doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146258.
22. C.P. Gerba, I.L. Pepper, Chapter 22 – Municipal Wastewater Treatment, M.L. Brusseau, I.L. Pepper, C.P. Gerba, Eds., Environmental and Pollution Science, 3rd ed., Elsevier, 2019, pp. 393–418.
23. R. El Morabet, R. Abad Khan, J. Mallick, N.A. Khan, S. Ahmed, A. Dhingra, A. Rahman Khan, M. Alsubih,
    S. Alqadhi, A. Bindajam, Comparative study of submerged membrane bioreactor and extended aeration process coupled with tubesettler for hospital wastewater treatment, Alexandria Eng. J., 59 (2020) 4633–4641.
24. A.H. Amran, N.S. Zaidi, A. Syafiuddin, L.Z. Zhan, M.B. Bahrodin, M.A. Mehmood, R. Boopathy, Potential of Carica papaya seed-derived bio-coagulant to remove turbidity from polluted water assessed through experimental and modeling-based study, Appl. Sci., 11 (2021) 5715, doi: 10.3390/app11125715.
25. A.H. Khan, N.A. Khan, S. Ahmed, A. Dhingra, C.P. Singh, S.U. Khan, A.A. Mohammadi, F. Changani, M. Yousefi,
    S. Alam, S. Vambol, V. Vambol, A. Khursheed, I. Ali, Application of advanced oxidation processes followed by different treatment technologies for hospital wastewater treatment, J. Cleaner Prod., 269 (2020) 122411, doi:10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.122411.
26. H. Abu Hasan, M.H. Muhammad, N.I. Ismail, A review of biological drinking water treatment technologies for contaminants removal from polluted water resources, J. Water Process Eng., 33 (2020) 101035, doi:10.1016/j.jwpe.2019.101035.
27. M.F. Hamoda, I. Al-Ghusain, N.Z. AL-Mutairi, Sand filtration of wastewater for tertiary treatment and water reuse, Desalination, 164 (2004) 203–211.
28. M.B. Bahrodin, N.S. Zaidi, N. Hussein, M. Sillanpää, D.D. Prasetyo, A. Syafiuddin, Recent advances on coagulationbased treatment of wastewater: transition from chemical to natural coagulant, Curr. Pollut. Rep.,
    7 (2021) 379–391.
29. L. Zaleschi, C. Teodosiu, I. Cretescu, M.A. Rodrigo, A comparative study of electrocoagulation and chemical coagulation processes applied for wastewater treatment, Environ. Eng. Manage. J., 11 (2012) 1517–1525.
30. P.R. dos Santos, L.A. Daniel, A review: organic matter and ammonia removal by biological activated carbon filtration for water and wastewater treatment, Int. J. Environ. Sci. Technol., 17 (2020) 591–606.
31. S.A. Snyder, S. Adham, A.M. Redding, F.S. Cannon, J. DeCarolis, J. Oppenheimer, E.C. Wert, Y. Yoon, Role of membranes and activated carbon in the removal of endocrine disruptors and pharmaceuticals, Desalination, 202 (2007) 156–181.
32. F. Ademiluyi, S. Amadi, N. Amakama, Adsorption and treatment of organic contaminants using activated carbon from waste Nigerian bamboo, J. Appl. Sci. Environ. Manage., 13 (2010), doi:10.4314/jasem.v13i3.55351.
33. Y. Deng, R. Zhao, Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) in wastewater treatment, Curr. Pollut. Rep., 1 (2015) 167–176.
34. A. Ratnasari, N.S. Zaidi, A. Syafiuddin, R. Boopathy, A.B.H. Kueh, R. Amalia, D.D. Prasetyo, Prospective biodegradation of organic and nitrogenous pollutants from palm oil mill effluent by acidophilic bacteria and archaea, Bioresour. Technol. Rep., 15 (2021) 100809, doi: 10.1016/j.biteb.2021.100809.
35. J.A. Garrido-Cardenas, B. Esteban-García, A. Agüera, J.A. Sánchez-Pérez, F. Manzano-Agugliaro, Wastewater treatment by advanced oxidation process and their worldwide research trends, Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 17 (2020) 170, doi: 10.3390/ijerph17010170.
36. S. Jafarinejad, Cost estimation and economical evaluation of three configurations of activated sludge process for a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) using simulation, Appl. Water Sci., 7 (2017) 2513–2521.
37. N. Abbasi, M. Ahmadi, M. Naseri, Quality and cost analysis of a wastewater treatment plant using GPS-X and CapdetWorks simulation programs, J. Environ. Manage., 284 (2021) 111993, doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.111993.
38. J.Y. Ko, J.W. Day, R.R. Lane, J.N. Day, A comparative evaluation of money-based and energy-based cost-benefit analyses of tertiary municipal wastewater treatment using forested wetlands vs. sand filtration in Louisiana, Ecol. Econ., 49 (2004) 331–347.
39. T. Guo, J. Englehardt, T. Wu, Review of cost versus scale: Water and wastewater treatment and reuse processes, Water Sci. Technol., 69 (2014) 223–234.
40. J.D. Englehardt, T. Wu, G. Tchobanoglous, Urban net-zero water treatment and mineralization: experiments, modeling and design, Water Res., 47 (2013) 4680–4691.
41. J.A. Meidl, Responding to changing conditions: how powdered activated carbon systems can provide the operational flexibility necessary to treat contaminated groundwater and industrial wastes, Carbon, 35 (1997) 1207–1216.
42. B. Foy, L. Close, Toxicity Reduction Using Powder Activated Carbon, Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation, 2007, pp. 344–356.
43. P. Cañizares, R. Paz, C. Sáez, M.A. Rodrigo, Costs of the electrochemical oxidation of wastewaters:
    A comparison with ozonation and Fenton oxidation processes, J. Environ. Manage., 90 (2009) 410–420.
44. N.N. Mahamuni, Y.G. Adewuyi, Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) involving ultrasound for waste water treatment: a review with emphasis on cost estimation, Ultrason. Sonochem., 17 (2010) 990–1003.
45. M. Qi, Y. Yang, X. Zhang, X. Zhang, M. Wang, W. Zhang, X. Lu, Y. Tong, Pollution reduction and operating cost analysis of municipal wastewater treatment in China and implication for future wastewater management,
    J. Cleaner Prod., 253 (2020) 120003, doi: 10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.120003.
46. S. Kommineni, J. Zoeckler, A. Stocking, S. Liang, A. Flores, M. Kavanaugh, R. Rodriguez, T. Browne, R. Roberts, A. Brown, 3.0 Advanced Oxidation Processes, Center for Groundwater Restoration and Protection National Water Research Institute,
47. S. Krishnan, H. Rawindran, C.M. Sinnathambi, J.W. Lim, Comparison of various advanced oxidation processes used in remediation of industrial wastewater laden with recalcitrant pollutants, IOP Conf. Ser.: Mater. Sci. Eng., 206 (2017) 012089.
48. A.U.A. Arif, M.T. Sorour, S.A. Aly, Cost analysis of activated sludge and membrane bioreactor WWTPs using CapdetWorks simulation program: CAS e study of Tikrit WWTP (Middle Iraq), Alexandria Eng. J., 59 (2020) 4659–4667.
49. K. Azis, Z. Mavriou, D.G. Karpouzas, S. Ntougias, P. Melidis, Evaluation of sand filtration and activated carbon adsorption for the post-treatment of a secondary biologically-treated fungicide-containing wastewater from fruit-packing industries, Processes, 9 (2021) 1223, doi: 10.3390/pr9071223.