References

  1. Y. Pang, G.M. Zeng, L. Tang, Y. Zhang, Y.Y. Liu, X.X. Lei, Z. Li, J.C. Zhang, G.X. Xie, PEI-grafted magnetic porous powder for highly effective adsorption of heavy metal ions, Desalination, 281 (2011) 278–284.
  2. K.K. Krishnani, S. Srinives, B.C. Mohapatra, V.M. Boddu, J. Hao, X. Meng, A. Mulchandani, Hexavalent chromium removal mechanism using conducting polymers, J. Hazard. Mater., 99–106 (2013) 252–253.
  3. L. Tang, Y. Fang, Y. Pang, G. Zeng, J. Wang, Y. Zhou, Y. Deng, G. Yang, Y. Cai, J. Chen, Synergistic adsorption and reduction of hexavalent chromium using highly uniform polyaniline– magnetic mesoporous silica composite, Chem. Eng. J., 254 (2014) 302–312.
  4. M.R. Samania, S.M. Borgheib, A. Oladc, M.J. Chaichid, Removal of chromium from aqueous solution using polyaniline– poly ethylene glycol composite, J. Hazard. Mater., 184 (2010) 248–254.
  5. M. Avila, T. Burks, F. Akhtar, M. Gothelid, P.C. Lansaker, M.S. Toprak, M. Muhammed, A. Uheida, Surface functionalized nanofibers for the removal of chromium(VI) from aqueous solutions, Chem. Eng. J., 245 (2014) 201–209.
  6. V. Sarin, K.K. Pant, Removal of chromium from industrial waste by using eucalyptus bark, Bioresour. Technol., 97 (2006) 15–20.
  7. R.M. Schneider, C.F. Cavalin, M.A.S.D. Barros, C.R.G. Tavares, Adsorption of chromium ions in activated carbon, Chem. Eng. J., 132 (2007) 355–362.
  8. P. Lakshmipathiraj, G.B. Raju, M.R. Basariya, S. Parvathy, S. Prabhakar, Removal of Cr(VI) by electrochemical reduction, Sep. Purif. Technol., 60 (2008) 96–102.
  9. C. Oze, D.K. Bird, S. Fendorf, Genesis of hexavalent chromium from natural sources in soil and groundwater, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA., 104 (2007) 6544–6549.
  10. C. Jung, J. Heo, J. Han, N. Her, S.J. Lee, J. Oh, J. Ryu, Y. Yoon, Hexavalent chromium removal by various adsorbents: Powdered activated carbon, chitosan, and single/multi-walled carbon nanotubes, Sep. Purif. Technol., 106 (2013) 63–71.
  11. US Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), Environmental pollution control alternatives: drinking water treatment for small communities, USEPA, Washington, DC 1990.
  12. L. Khezami, R. Capart, Removal of chromium(VI) from aqueous solution by activated carbons: kinetic and equilibrium studies, J. Hazard. Mater., 123 (2005) 223–231.
  13. N. Zaitseva, V. Zaitsev, A. Walcarius, Chromium(VI) removal via reduction–sorption on bi-functional silica adsorbents, J. Hazard. Mater., 250 (2013) 454–461.
  14. C.V. Gherasim, G. Bourceanu, R.I. Olariu, C. Arsene, A novel polymer inclusion membrane applied in chromium (VI) separation from aqueous solutions, J. Hazard. Mater., 197 (2011) 244–253.
  15. A. Dabrowski, Z. Hubicki, P. Podkoscielny, E. Robens, Selective removal of the heavy metal ions from waters and industrial wastewaters by ion-exchange method, Chemosphere, 56 (2004) 91–106.
  16. J.L-. Aguirre, V. Garcia, E. Pongracz, R.L. Keiski, The removal of zinc from synthetic wastewaters by micellar-enhanced ultrafiltration: statistical design of experiments, Desalination, 240 (2009) 262–269.
  17. N. Kongsricharoern, C. Polprasert, Chromium removal by a bipolar electro-chemical precipitation process, Water Sci. Technol., 34 (1996) 109–116.
  18. B. Gao, Y. Gao, Y. Li, Preparation and chelation adsorption property of composite chelating material poly(amidoxime)/ SiO2 towards heavy metal ions, Chem. Eng. J., 158 (2010) 542– 549.
  19. C.V. Gherasim, J. Krivcik, P. Mikulasek, Investigation of batch electrodialysis process for removal of lead ions from aqueous solutions, Chem. Eng. J., 256 (2014) 324–334.
  20. L. Lin, X. Xu, C. Papelis, T.Y. Cath, P. Xu, Sorption of metals and metalloids from reverse osmosis concentrate on drinking water treatment solids, Sep. Purif. Technol., 134 (2014) 37–45.
  21. S.E. Bailey, T.J. Olin, R.M. Bricka, D.D. Adrian, A review of potentially low-cost sorbents for heavy metals, Water Resour., 33 (1999) 2469–2479.
  22. A. Chakir, J. Bessiere, K.El. Kacemi, B. Marouf, A comparative study of the removal of trivalent chromium from aqueous solutions by bentonite and expanded perlite, J. Hazard. Mater., B95 (2002) 29–46.
  23. I.G. Abid, K. Galai, M.T. Ayadi, Retention of chromium(III) and cadmium (II) from aqueous solution by illitic clay as a low cost adsorbent, Desalination, 256 (2010) 190–195.
  24. K.J. Cronje, K. Chetty, M. Carsky, J.N. Sahu, B.C. Meikap, Optimization of chromium(VI) sorption potential using developed activated carbon from sugarcane bagasse with chemical activation by zinc chloride, Desalination, 275 (2011) 276–284.
  25. N. Ahalya, T.V. Ramachandra, R.D. Kanamadi, Biosorption of heavy metals, Res. J. Chem. Environ., 7 (2003) 71–79.
  26. A. Demirbas, Heavy metal adsorption onto agro based waste materials: A review, J. Hazard. Mater., 157 (2008) 220–229.
  27. Y. Sahin, A. Ozturk, Biosorption of chromium (VI) ions from aqueous solution by the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis, Proc. Biochem., 40 (2005) 1895–1901.
  28. R.I. Acosta, X. Rodriguez, C. Gutierrez, G. Moctezuma, Biosorption of chromium(VI) from aqueous solutions onto fungal biomass, Bioinorg. Chem. Appl., 2 (2004) 1–7.
  29. V.K. Gupta, A.K. Shrivastava, N. Jain, Biosorption of chromium (VI) from aqueous solution by green algae Spirogyra species, Water Res., 35 (2001) 4079–4085.
  30. R. Elangovan, L. Philip, K. Chandraraj, Biosorption of chromium species by aquatic weeds: kinetics and mechanism studies, J. Hazard. Mater., 152 (2008) 100–112.
  31. J. Wang, C. Chen, Biosorbents for heavy metals removal and their future, Biotechnol. Adv., 27 (2009) 195–226.
  32. M.A. Zarraa, A study on the removal of chromium (VI) from waste solution by adsorption on to sawdust in stirred vessels, Adsorpt. Sci. Technol., 12 (1995) 129–138.
  33. J. Freer, J. Baeza, H. Maturana, G. Palma, Removal and recovery of uranium by modified Pinus Equilib D. Don bark, J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol., 46 (1989) 41–48.
  34. W.T. Tan, S.T. Ooi, C.K. Lee, Removal of Cr(VI) from solution by coconut husk and palm pressed fibres, Environ. Technol., 14 (1993) 277–282.
  35. B. Acemioglu, M.H. Alma, Equilibrium studies on the adsorption of Cu(II) from aqueous solution onto cellulose, J. Coll. Interf. Sci., 243 (2001) 81–83.
  36. J.A. Omgbu, V.I. Iweanya, Dynamic sorption of Pb2+ and Zn2+ with Palm (Eleasis guineensis) kernel husk, J. Chem. Educ., 67 (1990) 800–801.
  37. J.M. Randall, F.W. Reuter, A.C. Waiss, Removal of cupric ions from solution with peanut Skins, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 19 (1975) 1563–1571.
  38. P.D Johnson, M.A. Watson, J. Brown, I.A. Jefcoat, Peanut hull pellets as a single use sorbent for the capture of Cu(II) from wastewater, Waste Manage., 22 (2002) 471–480.
  39. Y. Bin, Adsorption of copper and lead from industrial wastewater by maple sawdust, Thesis, Lamar University, Beaumont, USA, 1995.
  40. E. Demirbas, Adsorption of Cobalt (II) from aqueous solution onto activated carbon prepared from hazelnut shells, Adsorpt. Sci. Technol., 21 (2003) 951–963.
  41. Y. Orhan, H. Buyukgungor, The removal of heavy metals by using agricultural wastes, Water Sci. Technol., 28 (1993) 247–255.
  42. M.M. Nassar, The kinetics of basic dyes removal using palm fruit bunch, Adsorpt. Sci. Technol., 15 (1997) 609–617.
  43. Z. Reddad, C. Gerente, Y. Andres, M.C. Ralet, J.F. Thibault, P.L. Cloirec, Ni(II) and Cu(II) binding properties of native and modified sugar beet pulp, Carbohydr. Polym., 49 (2002) 23–31.
  44. V.M. Vucurovic, R.N. Razmovski, U.D. Miljic. V.S. Puskas, Removal of cationic and anionic azo dyes from aqueous solutions by adsorption on maize stem tissue, J. Taiwan. Inst. Chem. Eng., 45 (2014) 1700–1708.
  45. A. Hashem, A.A-. Okeil, A.El-. Shafie, M.El-. Sakhawy, Grafting of high α-cellulose pulp extracted from sunflower stalks for removal of Hg (II) from aqueous solution, Polym. Plast. Technol. Eng., 45 (2006) 135–141.
  46. M. Dakiky, M. Khamis, A. Manassra, M. Mereb, Selective adsorption of chromium(VI) in industrial wastewater using low-cost abundantly available adsorbents, Adv. Environ. Res. 6, (2002) 533–561.
  47. A. Demirbas, Adsorption of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) ions in aqueous solutions onto modified lignin, Energy Sources, 27 (2005) 1449–1455.
  48. G. Annadurai, R.S. Juang, D.L. Lee, Adsorption of heavy metals from water using banana and orange peels. Water Sci. Technol., 47 (2002) 185–190.
  49. D. Balkose, H. Baltacioglu, Adsorption of heavy metal cations from aqueous solutions by wool fibers, J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol., 54 (1992) 393–397.
  50. J.M. Randall, E. Hautala, A.C. Waiss, J.L. Tschernitz, Modified barks as scavengers for heavy metal ions, Forest. Prod. J., 26 (1976) 46–50.
  51. T.W. Tee, R.M. Khan, Removal of lead, cadmium and zinc by waste tea leaves, Environ. Technol. Lett., 9 (1988) 1223–1232.
  52. E. Maranon, H. Sastre, Heavy metal removal in packed beds using apple wastes, Bioresour. Technol., 38 (1991) 39–43.
  53. K.S. Low, C.K. Lee, A.Y. Ng, Column study on the sorption of Cr(VI) using quaternized rice hulls, Bioresour., Technol., 68 (1999) 205–208.
  54. T. Vaughan, C.W. Seo, W.E. Marshall, Removal of selected metal ions from aqueous solution using modified corncobs, Bioresour. Technol., 78 (2001) 133–139.
  55. G. Macchi, D. Marani, G. Tirivanti, Uptake of mercury by exhausted coffee grounds. Environ. Technol. Lett., 7 (1986) 431–444.
  56. T.A. Kurniawan, G.Y.S. Chan, W.H. Lo, S. Babel, Physico- chemical treatment techniques for wastewater laden with heavy metals, Chem. Eng. J., 118 (2006) 83–98.
  57. G. Pearce, Introduction to membranes: Filtration for water and wastewater treatment, Filtr Separat, 44 (2007) 24–27.
  58. N.L. Le, S.P. Nunes, Materials and membrane technologies for water and energy sustainability, Sustainable Mater. Technol., 7 (2016) 1–28.
  59. J.Y. Seo, A. Vogelpohl, Membrane choice for wastewater treatment using external cross flow tubular membrane filtration, Desalination, 249 (2009) 197–204.
  60. M.A. Barakat, E. Schmidt, Polymer-enhanced ultrafiltration process for heavymetals removal from industrial wastewater, Desalination, 256 (2010) 90–93.
  61. M. Bilal, J.A. Shah, T. Ashfaq, S.M.H. Gardazi, A.A. Tahir, A. Pervez, H. Haroon, Q. Mahmood, Waste biomass adsorbents for copper removal from industrial wastewater – A review, J. Hazard. Mater., 263 (2013) 322–333.
  62. D. Jeison, J.B.V. Lier, Bio-layer management in anaerobic membrane bioreactor for wastewater treatment, Water Sci. Technol., 54 (2006) 81–86.
  63. T.A. Mohammed, A.H. Birima, M.J.M.M. Noor, S.A. Muyibi, A. Idrid, Evaluation of using membrane bioreactor for treating municipal wastewater at different operating conditions, Desalination, 221 (2008) 502–510.
  64. Y. Wang, K.W. Ong, M.W.D. Brannock, G.L. Leslie, Evaluation of membrane bioreactor performance via residence time distribution: effects of membrane configuration and mixing, Water Sci. Technol., 57 (2008) 353–359.
  65. K. Mohammed, O. Sahu, Biosorption and membrane technology for reduction and recovery of chromium from tannery industry wastewater, Environmental Technology and Innovation, 4 (2015) 150–158.
  66. S. Habibi, A. Nematollahzadeh, S.A. Mousavi, Nano-scale modification of polysulfone membrane matrix and the surface for the separation of chromium ions from water, Chem. Eng. J., 267 (2015) 306–316.
  67. Y. Bao, X. Yan, W. Du, X. Xie, Z. Pan, J. Zhou, L. Li, Application of amine-functionalized MCM-41 modified ultrafiltration membrane to remove chromium(VI) and copper(II), Chem. Eng. J., 281 (2015) 460–467.
  68. Z. Yao, S. Du, Y. Zhang, B. Zhu, L. Zhu, A.E. John, Positively charged membrane for removing low concentration Cr(VI) in ultrafiltration process, J. Water Process Eng., 8 (2015) 99–107.
  69. Y. Huang, D. Wu, X. Wang, W. Huang, D. Lawless, X. Feng, Removal of heavy metals from water using polyvinylamine by polymer-enhanced ultrafiltration and flocculation, Sep. Purif. Technol., 158 (2016) 124–136.
  70. D. Purkayastha, U. Mishra, S. Biswas, A comprehensive review on Cd(II) removal from aqueous solution, J. Water Process Eng., 2 (2014) 105–128.
  71. X. Shi, G. Tal, N.P. Hankins, V. Gitis, Fouling and cleaning of ultrafiltration membranes: A review, J. Water Process Eng., 1 (2014) 121–138.
  72. D. Vasanth, G. Pugazhenthi, R. Uppaluri, Biomass assisted microfiltration of chromium(VI) using baker’s yeast by ceramic membrane prepared from low cost raw materials, Desalination, 285 (2012) 239–244.
  73. S.M. Doke, G.D. Yadav, Process efficacy and novelty of titania membrane prepared by polymeric sol-gel method in removal of chromium(VI) by surfactant enhanced microfiltration, Chem. Eng. J., 255 (2014) 483–491.
  74. F. Fu, Q. Wang, Removal of heavy metal ions from wastewaters: A review, J. Environ. Manage., 92 (2011) 407–418.
  75. Z. Li, T. Li, L. An, P. Fu, C. Gao, Z. Zhang, Highly efficient chromium(VI) adsorption with nanofibrous filter paper prepared through electrospinning chitosan/polymethyl methacrylate composite, Carbohydr. Polym., 137 (2016) 119–126.
  76. Y. Zhang, S. Shao, W. Yu, F. Yang, X. Xu, Study on recycling alkali from the wastewater of textile mercerization process by nanofiltration, IERI Procedia., 9 (2014) 71–76.
  77. A.J.C. Semiao, G. Gazzola, O. Habimana, R. Heffernan, C. Murphy, E. Casey, Understanding the mechanisms of biofouling on nanofiltration membranes: Effect of the bioflim structure on solute removal, Procedia Eng., 44 (2012) 1557–1560.
  78. T. Wintgens, M. Gallenkemper, T. Melin, Endocrine disrupter removal from wastewater using membrane bioreactor and nanofiltration technology, Desalination, 146 (2002) 387–391.
  79. X. Wei, P. Gu, G. Zhang, Reverse osmosis concentrate treatment by a PAC countercurrent four stage adsorption/MF hybrid process, Desalination, 352 (2014) 18–26.
  80. J.S. George, A. Ramos, H.J. Shipley, Tanning facility wastewater treatment: Analysis of physical-chemical and reverse osmosis methods, J. Environ. Chem. Eng., 3 (2015) 969–976.
  81. P. Bhattacharya, A. Roy, S. Sarkar, S. Ghosh, S. Majumdar, S. Chakraborty, S. Mandal, A. Mukhopadhyay, S. Bandyopadhyay, Combination technology of ceramic microfiltration and reverse osmosis for tannery wastewater recovery, Water Research and Industry, 3 (2013) 48–62.
  82. A. Mahmoud, A.F.A. Hoadley, An evaluation of a hybrid ion exchange electrodialysis process in the recovery of heavy metals from simulated dilute industrial wastewater, Water Res., 46 (2012) 3364–3376.
  83. M.A. Barakat, New trends in removing heavy metals from industrial wastewater. Arab. J. Chem., 4 (2011) 361–377.
  84. V.V. Slesarenko, Electrodialysis and reverse osmosis membrane plants at power stations, Desalination, 158 (2003) 303– 311.
  85. D.W. O’Connell, C. Birkinshaw, T.F. O’Dwyer, Heavy metal adsorbents prepared from the modification of cellulose: A review, Bioresour. Technol., 99 (2008) 6709–6724.
  86. B. Merzouk, B. Gourich, A. Sekki, K. Madani, M. Chibane, Removal turbidity and separation of heavy metals using electrocoagulation-electroflotation technique: a case study, J. Hazard. Mater., 164 (2009) 215–222.
  87. N. Tran, P. Drogui, J.F. Blais, G. Mercier, Phosphorus removal from spiked municipal wastewater using either electrochemical coagulation or chemical coagulation as tertiary treatment, Sep. Purif. Technol., 95 (2012) 16–25.
  88. S. Aoudj, A. Khelifa, N. Drouiche, R. Belkada, D. Miroud, Simultaneous removal of chromium(VI) and fluoride by electrocoagulation- electroflotation: Application of a hybrid Fe-Al anode, Chem. Eng. J., 267 (2015) 153–162.
  89. B. Merzouk, B. Gourich, K. Madani, Ch. Vial, A. Sekki, Removal of a disperse red dye from synthetic wastewater by chemical coagulation and continous electrocoagulation. A comparative study, Desalination, 272 (2011) 246–253.
  90. S.S. Hamdan, M.H. El-Naas, Characterization of the removal of chromium(VI) from groundwater by electrocoagulation, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 20 (2014) 2775–2781.
  91. L. Metcalf, H.P. Eddy, Wastewater Engineering: Treatment, Disposal, and Reuse, McGraw-Hill, NewYork., (1991) 740–741.
  92. S.A. Abo-Farha, A.Y. Abdel-Aal, I.A. Ashour, S.E. Garamon, Removal of some heavy metal cations by synthetic resin purolite C100, J. Hazard. Mater., 169 (2009) 190–194.
  93. N. Kamakura, T. Inui, M. Kitano, T. Nakamura, Determination of chromium(III), chromium(VI) and chromium(III) acetylacetonate in water by ion-exchange disk extraction/metal furnace atomic absorption spectrometry, Spectrochim. Acta B, 93 (2014) 28–33.
  94. T.M. Zewail, N.S. Yousef, Kinetic study on heavy metal ions removal by ion exchange in batch conical air spouted bed, Alexandria Eng. J., 54 (2015) 83–90.
  95. I.H. Lee, Y. Kuan, J.M. Chern, Equilibrium and kinetics of heavy metal ion exchange. J. Chin. Inst. Chem. Eng., 38 (2007) 71–84.
  96. B. Alyuz, S. Veli, Kinetics and equilibrium studies for the removal of nickel and zinc from aqueous solutions by ion exchange resins, J. Hazard. Mater., 167 (2009) 482–488.
  97. S.A. Cavaco, S. Fernandes, M.M. Quina, L.M. Ferreira, Removal of chromiumfrom electroplating industry effluents by ion exchange resins, J. Hazard. Mater., 144 (2007) 634–638.
  98. H. Li, J. Li, Z. Chi, W. Ke, Kinetic and equilibrium studies of chromium (III) removal from aqueous solution by IRN-77 cation- exchange resin, Procedia Environ. Sci., 16 (2012) 646–655.
  99. H.Y. Li, C. Li, M. Zhang, K. Wang, B. Xie, Removal of V(V) from aqueous Cr(VI)-bearing solution using anion exchange resin: Equilibrium and kinetics in batch studies, Hydrometallurgy, (2015) (Article in press).
  100. V.J. Inglezakis, M.D. Loizidou, H.P. Grigoropoulou, Equilibrium and kinetic ionexchange studies of Pb2+, Cr3+, Fe3+and Cu2+on natural clinoptilolite, Water Res., 36 (2002) 2784–2792.
  101. V.J. Inglezakis, A.A. Zorpas, M.D. Loizidou, H.P. Grigoropoulou, The effect of competitive cations and anions on ion exchange of heavy metals, Sep. Purif. Technol., 46 (2005) 202– 207.
  102. T. Motsi, N.A. Rowson, M.J.H. Simmons, Adsorption of heavy metals from acidmine drainage by natural zeolite, Int. J. Miner. Process., 92 (2009) 42–48.
  103. A.H.M. Veeken, S. de Vries, A. Van der Mark, W.H. Rulkens, Selective precipitation of heavy metals as controlled by a sulfide- selective electrode, Sep. Sci. Technol., 38 (2003) 1–19.
  104. N. Reynier, L. Coudert, J.F. Blais, G. Mercier, S. Besner, Treatment of contaminated soil leachate by precipitation, adsorption and ion exchange, J. Environ. Chem. Eng., 3 (2015) 977–985.
  105. S. Golbaz, A.J. Jafari, M. Rafiee, R.R. Kalantary, Separate and simultaneous removal of phenol, chromium and cyanide from aqueous solution by coagulation/precipitation: mechanisms and theory, Chem. Eng. J., 253 (2014) 251–257.
  106. D. Wang, S. He, C. Shan, Y. Ye, H. Ma, X. Zhang, Z. Weiming, B. Pan, Chromium speciation in tannery effluent after alkaline precipitation: isolation and characterization, J. Hazard. Mater., 316 (2016) 169–177.
  107. E. Alvarez-Ayuso, A. Garcia-Sanchez, X. Querol, Purification of metal electro-plating waste waters using zeolites, Water Res., 37 (2003) 4855–4862.
  108. Q.Y. Chen, Z. Luo, C. Hills, G. Xue, M. Tyrer, Precipitation of heavy metals from wastewater using simulated flue gas: sequent additions of fly ash, lime and carbon oxide, Water Res., 43 (2009) 2605–2614.
  109. J.L. Huisman, G. Schouten, C. Schultz, Biologically produced sulphide for purification of process streams, effluent treatment and recovery of metals in the metal and mining industry, Hydrometallurgy, 83 (2006) 106–113.
  110. S.A. Mirbagheri, S.N. Hosseini, Pilot plant investigation on petrochemical wastewater treatment for the removal of copper and chromium with the objective of reuse, Desalination, 171 (2004) 85–93.
  111. A. Ozverdi, M. Erdem, Cu2+, Cd2+ and Pb 2+ adsorption from aqueous solutions by pyrite and synthetic iron sulphide, J. Hazard. Mater., 137 (2006) 626–632.
  112. Y.X. Liu, D.X. Yuan, J.M. Yan, Q.L. Li, T. Ouyang, Electrochemical removal of chromium from aqueous solutions using electrodes of stainless steel nets coated with single wall carbon nanotubes, J. Hazard. Mater., 186 (2011) 473–480.
  113. C. Liu, N. Fiol, J. Poch, I. Villaescusa, A new technology for the treatment of chromium electroplating wastewater based on biosorption, J. Water Process Eng., 11 (2016) 143–151.
  114. L.K. Wang, Y.T. Hung, N.K. Shammas, Advanced physiochemical treatment technologies. Handbook of Environmental Engineering. 5. Humana Press, Totowa, New Jersey (2007).
  115. I. Heidmann, W. Calmano, Removal of Zn(II), Cu(II), Ni(II), Ag(I) and Cr(VI) present in aqueous solutions by aluminium electrocoagulation, J. Hazard. Mater., 152 (2008) 934–941.
  116. Q. Liu, T. Zheng, P. Wang, J. Jiang, N. Li, Adsorption isotherm, kinetic and mechanism studies of some substituted phenols on activated carbon fibers, Chem. Eng. J., 219 (2013) 499–511.
  117. M. Karnib, A. Kabbani, H. Holail, Z. Olama, Heavy metals removal using activated carbon, silica and silica activated carbon composite, Energy Procedia, 50 (2014) 113–120.
  118. O.G. Apul, T. Karanfil, Adsorption of synthetic organic contaminants by carbon nanotubes: A critical review, Water Res., 68 (2015) 34–55.
  119. M.J. Ahmed, Application of agricultural based activated carbons by microwave and conventional activations for basic dye adsorption: review, J. Environ. Chem. Eng., 4 (2016) 89–99.
  120. M. Kobya, Adsorption kinetic and equilibrium studies of Cr(VI) by hazelnut shell activated carbon, Adsorpt. Sci. Technol., 22 (2004) 51–64.
  121. C. Selomulya, V. Meeyoo, R. Amal, Mechanisms of Cr(VI) removal from water by various types of activated carbons, J. Chem. Technol. Biotechnol., 74 (1999) 111–122.
  122. Z.A. Aluthman, R. Ali, M. Naushad, Hexavalent chromium removal from aqueous medium by activated carbon prepared from peanut shell: Adsorption kinetics, equilibrium and thermodynamic studies, Chem. Eng. J., 184 (2012) 238–247.
  123. N.K. Hamadi, X.D. Chen, M.M. Farid, M.G.Q. Lu, Adsorption kinetics for the removal of chromium(VI) from aqueous solution by adsorbents derived from used tyres and sawbust, Chem. Eng. J., 81 (2001) 95–105.
  124. M. Al Bahri, L. Calvo, M.A. Gilarranz, J.J. Rodriguez, Activated carbon from grape seeds upon chemical activation with phosphoric acid: Application to the adsorption of diuron from water, Chem. Eng. J., 203 (2012) 348–356.
  125. Z.A. Aluthman, M. Naushad, R. Ali, Kinetic, equilibrium isotherm and thermodynamic studies of Cr(VI) adsorption onto low-cost adsorbent developed from peanut shell activated with phosphoric acid, Environ. Sci. Pollut. Res., 20 (2012) 3351– 3365.
  126. S.K. Theydan, M.J. Ahmed, Adsorption of methylene blue onto biomass-based activated carbon by FeCl3 activation: equilibrium, kinetics, and thermodynamic studies, J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis, 97 (2012) 116–122.
  127. Y.H. Li, J. Ding, Z. Luan, Z. Di, Y. Zhu, C. Xu, D. Wu, B. Wei, Competitive adsorption of Pb2+, Cu2+ and Cd2+ ions from aqueous solutions by mutiwalled carbon nanotubes, Carbon, 41 (2003) 2787–2792.
  128. H. Hyung, J. Kim, Natural organic matter (NOM) adsorption to multi-walled carbon nanotubes: effect of NOM characteristics and water quality parameters, Environ. Sci. Technol., 42 (2008) 4416–4421.
  129. L. Ji, Y. Shao, Z. Xu, S. Zheng, D. Zhu, Adsorption of monoaromatic compounds and pharmaceutical antibiotics on carbon nanotubes activated by KOH etching, Environ. Sci. Technol., 44 (2010) 6429–6436.
  130. L. Joseph, Q. Zaib, I.A. Khan, N.D. Berge, Y. Park, N.B. Saleh, Y. Yoom, Removal of bisphenol A and 17 a-ethinyl estradiol from landfill leachate using singlewalled carbon nanotubes, Water Res., 45 (2011) 4056–4068.
  131. D. Sud, G. Mahajan, M.P. Kaur, Agricultural waste material as potential adsorbent for sequestering heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions-a review, Bioresour. Technol., 99 (2008) 6017–6027.
  132. F. Kaczala, M. Marques, W. Hogland, Lead and vanadium removal from a real industrial wastewater by gravitational settling/sedimentation and sorption onto Pinus sylvestris sawdust, Bioresour. Technol., 100 (2009) 235–243.
  133. O.S. Amudaa, F.E. Adelowoa, M.O. Ologunde, Kinetics and equilibrium studies of adsorption of chromium(VI) ion from industrial wastewater using Chrysophtllum albidum (Sapotaceae) seed shells, Colloid Surf., 68 (2009) 184–192.
  134. A. Abdolali, W.S. Guo, H.H. Ngo, S.S. Chen, N.C. Nguyen, K.L. Tung, Typical lignocellulosic wastes and by-products for biosorption process in water and wastewater treatment: A critical review, Bioresour. Technol., 160 (2014) 57–66.
  135. J.H. Joo, S.H.A. Hassan, S.E. Oh, Comparative study of biosorption of Zn2+ by Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus cereus, Int. Biodeter. Biodegr., 64 (2010) 734–741.
  136. Y. Wu, T. Li, L. Yang, Mechanisms of removing pollutants from aqueous solutions by microorganisms and their aggregates: A review, Bioresour. Technol., 107 (2012) 10–18.
  137. S. Murugavelh, K. Mohanty, Isolation, Identification and characterization of Cr(VI) reducing Bacillus cereus from chromium contaminated soil, Chem. Eng. J., 230 (2013) 1–9.
  138. V.H. Albarracin, B. Winik, E. Kothe, M.J. Amoroso, C.M. Abate, Copper bioaccumulation by the actinobacterium Amycolatopsis sp. AB0, J. Basic Microbiol., 48 (2008) 323–330.
  139. Z. Rahman, V.P. Singh, Cr(VI) reduction by Enterobacter sp. DU17 isolated from the tannery waste dump site and characterization of the bacterium and the Cr(VI) reductase, Int. Biodeter. Biodegr., 91 (2014) 97–103.
  140. M. Oves, M.S. Khan, A. Zaidi, Chromium reducing and plant growth promoting novel strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa OSG41 enhance chickpea growth in chromium amended soils, Eur. J. Soil Biol., 56 (2013) 72–83.
  141. A. Chergui, M.Z. Bakhti, A. Chahboub, S. Haddoum, A. Selatnia, G.A. Junter, Simultaneous biosorption of Cu2+, Zn2+ and Cr6+ from aqueous solution by Streptomyces rimosus biomass, Desalination, 206 (2007) 179–184.
  142. S. Ravikumar, I.K. Yoo, S. Lee, S. Hong, Construction of copper removing bacteria through the integration of two component system and cell surface display, Appl. Biochem. Biotechnol., 165 (2011) 1674–1681.
  143. R. Bakiyaraj, L. Baskaran, A.L. Chidambaram, T. Mahakavi, M.S. kumar, Bioremediation of chromium by Bacillus subtilis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. App. Sci., 3 (2014) 715–719.
  144. Z.A. Zakaria, Z. Zakaria, S. Surif, W.A. Ahmad, Hexavalent chromium reduction by Acinetobacter haemolyticus isolated from heavy-metal contaminated wastewater, J. Hazard. Mater., 146 (2007) 30–38.
  145. F. Beolchini, F. Pagnanelli, L. Toro, F. Veglio, Ionic strength effect on copper biosorption by Sphaerotilus natans: equilibrium study and dynamic modeling in membrane reactor, Water Res., 40 (2006) 144–152.
  146. S. Schut, S. Zauner, G. Hampel, H. Konig, H. Claus, Biosorption of copper by wine relevant lactobacilli, Int. J. Food Microbiol., 145 (2011) 126–131.
  147. J.H. Pan, R.X. Liu, H.X. Tang, Surface reaction of Bacillus cereus biomass and its biosorption for lead and copper ions, J. Environ. Sci., 19 (2007) 403–408.
  148. M.X. Loukidou, A.I. Zouboulis, T.D. Karapantsios, K.A. Matis, Equilibrium and kinetic modeling of chromium(VI) biosorption by Aeromonas caviae, Colloid Surface A., 242 (2004) 93–104.
  149. D. Park, Y.S. Yun, J.Y. Kim, J.M. Park, How to study Cr (VI) biosorption: Use of fermentation waste for detoxifying Cr (VI) in aqueous solution, Chem. Eng. J., 136 (2008) 173–179.
  150. Z. Aksu, S. Ertugrul, G. Donmez, Single and binary chromium (VI) and remazol balck B biosorption properties of Phormidium sp, J. Hazard. Mater., 168 (2009) 310–318.
  151. M. Ziagova, G. Dimitriadis, D. Aslanidou, X. Papaioannou, E.L. Tzannetaki, M.L. Kyriakides, Comparative study of Cd(II) and Cr(VI) biosorption on Staphylococcus xylosus and Pseudomonas sp. in single and binary mixtures, Bioresour. Technol., 98 (2007) 2859–2865.
  152. K. Anjana, A. Kaushik, B. Kiran, R. Nisha, Biosorption of Cr(VI) by immobilized biomass of two indigenous strains of cyanobacteria isolated from metal contaminated soil, J. Hazard. Mater., 148 (2007) 383–386.
  153. V.K. Gupta, A. Rastogi, Sorption and desorption studies of chromium(VI) from nonviable cyanobacterium Nostoc muscorum biomass, J. Hazard. Mater., 154 (2008) 347–354.
  154. Y. Khambhaty, K. Mody, S. Basha, B. Jha, Biosorption of Cr (VI) onto marine Aspergillus niger: experimental studies and pseudo-second order kinetics, World J. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 25 (2009) 1413–1421.
  155. M. Sukumar, Reduction of hexavalent chromium by Rhizopus oryzae, Afr. J. Environ. Sci. Technol., 4 (2010) 412–418.
  156. C. Cojocaru, M. Diaconu, I. Cretescu, J. Vasic, Biosorption of copper(II) ions from aqua solutions using dried yeast biomass, Colloid Surface A., 335 (2009) 181–188.
  157. G.Q. Chen, G.M. Zeng, X. Tu, C.G. Niu, G.H. Huang, W. Jiang, Application of a by-product of Lentinus edodes to the bioremediation of chromate contaminated water, J. Hazard. Mater., 135 (2006) 249–255.
  158. N.S. Maurya, A.K. Mittal, P. Cornel, E. Rother, Biosorption of dyes using dead macro fungi: effect of dye structure, ionic strength and pH, Bioresour. Technol., 97 (2006) 512–521.
  159. N. Ertugay, Y.K. Bayhan, Biosorption of Cr (VI) from aqueous solution by biomass of Agaricus bisporus, J. Hazard Mater., 154 (2008) 432–439.
  160. R. Pan, L. Cao, H. Huang, R. Zhang, Y. Mo, Biosorption of Cd, Cu, Pb and Zn from aqueous solutions by the fruiting bodies of jelly fungi (Tremella fuciformis and Auricularia polytricha), Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol., 88 (2010) 997–1005.
  161. T. Sahan, H. Ceylan, N. Sahiner, N. Aktas, Optimization of removal conditions of copper ions from aqueous solutions by Trametes versicolor, Bioresour. Technol., 101 (2010) 4520– 4526.
  162. Z. Aksu, E. Balibek, Chromium (VI) biosorption by dried Rhizopus arrhizus: effect of salt (NaCl) concentration on equilibrium and kinetic parameters, J. Hazard. Mater., 145 (2007) 210–220.
  163. I. Acosta-Rodriguez, D.L. Arevalo-Rangel, J.F. Cardenas-Gonzalez, M.G. Moctezuma-Zarate, V.M. Martinez-Juarez, Hexavalent Chromium (VI) removal by penicillium sp. IA-01, Advances in Bioremediation of Wastewater and Polluted Soil, 9 (2015) 2165–2167.
  164. K.K. Deepa, M. Sathishkumar, A.R. Binupriya, G.S. Murugesan, K. Swaminathan, S.E. Yun, Sorption of Cr(VI) from dilute solutions and wastewater by live and pretreated biomass of Aspergillus flavus, Chemosphere, 62 (2006) 833–840.
  165. M. Pas, R. Milacic, K. Draslar, N. Pollak, P. Raspor, Uptake of chromium(III) and chromium(VI) compounds in the yeast cell structure, Biometals, 17 (2004) 25–33.
  166. R. Kumar, N.R. Bishnoi, G.K. Bishnoi, Biosorption of chromium( VI) from aqueous solution and electroplating wastewater using fungal biomass, Chem. Eng. J., 135 (2008) 202–208.
  167. M. Sen, M.G. Dastidar, P.K. Roychoudhury, Biosorption of chromium (VI) by non-living Fusarium sp Isolated from soil, Practice Periodical of Hazardous, Toxic and Radioactive Waste Management, 9 (2005) 147–151.
  168. R. Han, H. Li, Y. Li, J. Zhang, H. Xaio, J. Shi, Biosorption of copper and lead ions by waste beer yeast, J. Hazard. Mater., 137 (2006) 1569–1576.
  169. N.R. Bishnoi, A. Pant, Garima, Biosorption of copper from aqueous solution using algal biomass, J. Sci. Ind. Res., 113 (2004) 813–816.
  170. R. Apiratikul, P. Pavasant, Batch and column studies of biosorption of heavy metals by Caulerpa lentillifera, Bioresour. Technol., 99 (2008) 2766–2777.
  171. P. Pavasant, R. Apiratikul, V. Sungkhum, P. Suthiparinyanont, S. Wattanachira, T.F. Marhaba, Biosorption of Cu2+, Cd2+, Pb2+ and Zn2+ using dried marine green macroalga Caulerpa lentillifera, Bioresour. Technol., 97 (2006) 2321–2329.
  172. Y. Nuhoglu, E. Malkoc, A. Gurses, N. Canpolat, The removal of Cu(II) from aqueous solutions by Ulothrix zonata, Bioresour. Technol., 85 (2002) 331–333.
  173. N. Tamilselvan, J. Hemachandran, T. Thirumalai, C.V. Sharma, K. Kannabiran, E. David, Biosorption of heavy metals from aqueous solution by Gracilaria corticata varcartecala and Grateloupia lithophila, J. Coastal Life Medicine, 1 (2013) 102–107.
  174. E. Finocchio, A. Lodi, C. Solisio, A. Converti, Chromium(VI) removal by methylated biomass of spirulina platensis: The effect of methylation process, Chem. Eng. J., 156 (2010) 264–269.
  175. S.R. Suseem, M.A. Saral, Biosorption of heavy metals using mushroom Pleurotus eous, J. Chem. Pharm. Res., 6 (2014) 2163– 2168.
  176. A. El-Sikaily, A.E. Nemr, A. Khaled, O. Abdelwehab, Removal of toxic chromium from wastewater using green alga Ulva lactuca and its activated carbon, J. Hazard. Mater., 148 (2007) 216–228.
  177. S. Abirami, S. Srisudha, P. Gunasekaran, Biosorption of chromium from tannery effluent using biomass of Sargussum wightii (Greville), Int. J. Pharma Bio Sci., 3 (2012) 584–595.
  178. R.Gh. Mostafaii, H. Sayyaf, L. Iranshahi, A.Gh. Mosavi, E. Asemam, Evaluation and optimization of chromium removal from synthetic aqueous solutions by powdered spirogyra, Quarterly of International Archives of Health Sciences, 2 (2015) 57–61.
  179. V. Murphy, H. Hughes, P. Mcloughlin, Comparative study of chromium biosorption by red, green and brown seeweed biomass, Chemosphere, 70 (2008) 1128–1134.
  180. E.V.M. Carrilho, T.R. Gilbert, Assessing metal sorption on the marine alga Pilayella littoralis, J. Environ. Monit., 2 (2000) 410– 415.
  181. S. Basha, Z.V.P. Murthy, B. Jha, Biosorption of hexavalent chromium by chemically modified seaweed, Cystoseira indica, Chem. Eng. J., 137 (2008) 480–488.
  182. G.C. Donmez, Z. Aksu, A. Ozturk, T. Kutsal, A comparative study on heavy metal biosorption characteristics of some algae, Proc. Biochem., 34 (1999) 885–892.
  183. S. Gupta, B.V. Babu, Utilization of waste product (tamarind seeds) for the removal of Cr (VI) from aqueous solutions: Equilibrium, kinetics, and regeneration studies, J. Environ. Manage., 90 (2009) 3013–3022.
  184. M. Ahmedna, W.E. Marshall, R.M. Rao, Production of granular activated carbons from selected agricultural by-products and evaluation of their physical, chemical and adsorption properties, Bioresour. Technol., 71 (2000) 113–123.
  185. S. Qaiser, A.R. Saleemi, M.M. Ahmad, Heavy metal uptake by agro based waste materials, Environ. Biotechnol., 10 (2007) 409–416.
  186. A. Bhatnagar, M. Sillanpaa, Utilization of agro industrial and municipal waste materials as potential adsorbents for water treatment – A review, Chem. Eng. J., 157 (2010) 277–296.
  187. U.K. Garg, M.P. Kaur, V.K. Garg, D. Sud, Removal of hexavalent chromium from aqueous solution by agricultural waste biomass, J. Hazard. Mater., 140 (2007) 60–68.
  188. S.H. Hasan, K.K. Singh, O. Prakash, M. Talat, Y.S. Ho, Removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions using agricultural waste ‘maize bran’, J. Hazard. Mater., 152 (2008) 356–365.
  189. K.K. Krishnani, X. Meng, C. Christodoulatos, V.M. Boddu, Biosorption mechanism of nine different heavy metals onto biomatrix from rice husk, J. Hazard. Mater., 153 (2008) 1222– 1234.
  190. Z.A. AL-Othman, R. Ali, Mu. Naushad, Hexavalent chromium removal from aqueous medium by activated carbon prepared from peanut shell: Adsorption kinetics, equilibrium and thermodynamic studies, Chem. Eng. J., 184 (2012) 238–247.
  191. J.M. Randall, Variation in effectiveness of barks as scavengers for heavy metal ions, Forest Prod. J., 27 (1977) 51–56.
  192. E.J. Roberts, S.P. Rowland, Removal of mercury from aqueous solution by nitrogen containing chemically modified cotton, Environ. Sci. Technol., 7 (1973) 552–555.
  193. M. Jain, V.K. Garg, K. Kadirvelu, Chromium(VI) removal from aqueous system using Helianthus annuus (sunflower) stem waste, J. Hazard. Mater., 162 (2009) 365–372.
  194. B. Moussavi, B. Barikbin, Biosorption of chromium(VI) from industrial wastewater onto pistachio hull waste biomass, Chem. Eng. J., 162 (2010) 893–900.
  195. B. Sunil, M. Das, M. Thomas, T.V. Mathew, K.C. Philip, Adsorptive removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution using rubber seed shell charcoal, J. Ind. Pollut. Contr., 28 (2012) 137–144.
  196. M. Ajmal, A.H. Khan, S. Ahmad, A. Ahmad, Role of sawdust in the removal of copper(II) from industrial wastes, Water. Res., 22 (1998) 3085–3091.
  197. M. Bansal, D. Singh, V.K. Garg, A comparative study for the removal of hexavalent chromium from aqueous solution by agricultural wastes’ carbons, J. Hazard. Mater., 171 (2009) 83–92.
  198. N.C. Feng, X.Y. Guo, S. Liang, Kinetic and thermodynamic studies on biosorption of Cu(II) by chemically modified orange peel, Trans. Nonferrous Met. Soc. China, 19 (2009) 1365–1370.
  199. M.A. Hossain, N.H. Ngo, W.S. Guo, T.V. Nguyen, Palm oil fruit shells as biosorbent for copper removal from water and wastewater: experiments and sorption models, Bioresour. Technol., 113 (2012) 97–101.
  200. E. Pehlivan, T. Altun, Biosorption of chromium(VI) ion from aqueous solutions using walnut, hazelnut and almond shell, J. Hazard. Mater., 155 (2008) 378–384.
  201. K. Kaya, E. Pehlivan, C. Schmidt, M. Bahadir, Use of modified wheat bran for the removal of chromium(VI) from aqueous solutions, Food Chem., 158 (2014) 112–117.
  202. M. Jr. Horsfall, A.A. Abia, Sorption of cadmium(II) and zinc(II) ions from aqueous solutions by cassava waste biomass (Manihot sculenta Cranz), Water Res., 37 (2003) 4913–4923.
  203. I.J. Alinnor, Adsorption of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution by fly ash, Fuel, 86 (2007) 853–857.
  204. H.S. Altundogan, S. Altundogan, F. Tumen, M. Bildik, Arsenic adsorption from aqueous solutions by activated red mud, Waste Manage., 22 (2002) 357–363.
  205. S.R. Kanel, H. Choi, J.Y. Kim, S. Vigneswaran, W.G. Shim, Removal of arsenic(III) from groundwater using low-cost industrial by-products blast furnace slag, Water Qual. Res. J. Can., 41 (2006) 130–139.
  206. A. Bhatnagar, A.K. Minocha, B.H. Jeon, J.M. Park, G. Lee, Adsorption of orange G dye on paper mill sludge: equilibrium and kinetic modeling, Free. Environ. Bull., 16 (2007) 99–103.
  207. I.D. Mall, V.C. Srivastava, G.V.A. Kumar, I.M. Mishra, Characterization and utilization of mesoporous fertilizer plant waste carbon for adsorptive removal of dyes from aqueous solution, Colloids Surf. A. Physicochem. Eng. Asp., 278 (2006) 175–187.
  208. D.Q.L. Oliveira, M. Goncalves, L.C.A. Oliveira, L.R.G. Guilherme, Removal of As(V) and Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions using solid waste from leather industry, J. Hazard. Mater., 151 (2008) 280–284.
  209. D. Wu, Y. Sui, S. He, X. Wang, C. Li, H. Kong, Removal of trivalent chromium from aqueous solution by zeolite synthesized from coal fly ash, J. Hazard. Mater., 155 (2008) 415–423.
  210. S. Coruh, O.N. Ergun, Ni2+ removal from aqueous solutions using conditioned clinoptilolites: kinetics and isotherm studies, Environ. Prog. Sustain. Energy, 28 (2009) 162–172.
  211. B. Erdem. A. Ozcan, O. Gok, A.S. Ozcan, Immobilization of 2,2’-dipyridyl onto bentonite and its adsorption behavior of copper(II) ions, J. Hazard. Mater., 163 (2009) 418–426.
  212. C.O. Ijagbemi, M.H. Baek, D.S. Kim, Montmorillonite surface properties and sorption characteristics for heavy metal removal from aqueous solutions, J. Hazard. Mater., 166 (2009) 538–546.
  213. D.H.K. Reddy, D.K.V. Ramana, K. Seshaiah, A.V.R. Reddy, Biosorption of lead from aqueous solutions using chemically modified Moringa oleifera tree leaves, Chem. Eng. J., 162 (2010) 626–634.
  214. J. Wang, C. Chen, Research advances in heavy metal removal by biosorption, Acta Scien. Circum., 30 (2010) 673–701.
  215. G.M. Taha, A.E. Arifien, S.El. nahas, Removal efficiency of potato peels as a new biosorbent materials for uptake of Pb(II), Cd(II) and Zn(II) from the aqueous solutions, J. Solid Waste Technol. Manage., 37 (2011) 128–140.
  216. M.N. Sahmoune, K. Louhab, A. Boukhair, Advanced biosorbents materials for removal of chromium from water and wastewaters, Environ. Prog. Sust. Energy, 30 (2011) 284–293.
  217. P.S. Kumar, S. Ramalingam, V. Sathyaselvabala, S.D. Kirupha, A. Murugesan, S. Sivanesan, Removal of Cd(II) from aqueous solution by agricultural waste cashew nut shell, Korean J. Chem. Eng., 29 (2012) 756–768.
  218. M. Abbas, S. Kaddour, M. Trari, Kinetic and equilibrium studies of cobalt adsorption on apricot stone activated carbon, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 20 (2014) 745–751.
  219. A.R. Bhanupriya, M. Sathishkumar, D. Kavitha, K. Swaminathan, S.E. Yun, S.P. Mun, Experimental and isothermal studies on sorption of Congo red by modified mycelial biomass of wood rotting fungus, Clean, 35 (2007) 143–150.
  220. K. Fujiwara, A. Ramesh, T. Maki, H. Hasegawa, K. Ueda, Adsorption of platinum (IV), palladium (II) and gold (III) from aqueous solutions on l-lysine modified crosslinked chitosan resin, J. Hazard. Mater., 146 (2007) 39–50.
  221. N. Kannan, T. Veemaraj, Batch adsorption dynamics and equilibrium studies for the removal of Cd(II) ions from aqueous solution using jack fruit seed and commercial activated carbons - a comparative study, Electron. J. Environ. Agric. Food Chem., 9 (2010) 327–336.
  222. M.A. Ashraf, A. Wajid, K. Mahmood, M.J. Maah, I. Yusoff, Low cost biosorbent banana peel (Musa sapientum) for the removal of heavy metals, Sci. Res. Essays, 6 (2011) 4055–4064.
  223. J. Kumar, C. Balomajumder, P. Mondal, Application of agrobased biomasses for zinc removal from wastewater - a review, Clean - Soil Air Water, 39 (2011) 641–652.
  224. A.K. Giri, R. Patel, S. Mandal, Removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution by Eichhornia crassipes root biomass-derived activated carbon, Chem. Eng. J., 185 (2012) 71–81.
  225. G.F. Coelho, A.C.G. Jr Goncalves C.R.T. Tarley, J. Casarin, H. Nacke, M.A. Francziskowski, Removal of metal ions Cd(II), Pb(II) and Cr(III) from water by the cashew nut shell Anacardium occidentale L, Ecol. Eng., 73 (2014) 514–525.
  226. N. Talreja, D. Kumar, N. Verma, Removal of hexavalent chromium from water using Fe-grown carbon nanofibers containing porous carbon microbeads, J. Water Process. Eng., 3 (2014) 34–45
  227. B. Volesky, Biosorption of heavy metals, CRC Press, Boca Raton. 1990.
  228. A.K. Meena, K. Kadirvelu, G.K. Mishra, R. Chitra, P.N. Nagar, Adsorptive removal of heavy metals from aqueous solution by treated sawdust (Acacia arabica), J. Hazard. Mater., 150 (2008) 604–611.
  229. D. Park, Y. Yun, J.M. Park, The past, present and future trends of biosorption, Biotechnol. Bioprocess Eng., 15 (2010) 86–102.
  230. A. Saravanan, P.S. Kumar, B. Preetha, Optimization of process parameters for the removal of chromium(VI) and nickel(II) from aqueous solutions by mixed adsorbents (custard apple seeds and Aspergillus niger) using response surface methodology, Desalin. Water Treat., (2015) 1–14.
  231. N. Das, Recovery of precious metals through biosorption – a review, Hydrometallurgy 103 (2010) 180–189.
  232. X. Liang, Y. Zang, Y. Xu, X. Tan, W. Hou, L. Wang, Y. Sun, Sorption of metal cations on layered double hydroxides, Colloids Surf. A Physiochem. Eng. Asp., 433 (2013) 122–131.
  233. L. Ramrakhiani, R. Majumder, S. Khowala, Removal of hexavalent chromium by heat inactivated fungal biomass of Termitomyces clypeatus: surface characterization and mechanism of biosorption, Chem. Eng., J. 171 (2011) 1060–1068.
  234. R.S. Vieira, M.L.M. Oliveira, E. Guibal, E. Rodriguez-Castellon, M.M. Beppu, Copper, mercury and chromium adsorption on natural and crosslinked chitosan films: an XPS investigation of mechanism, Colloids Surf. A Physiochem. Eng. Asp., 374 (2011) 108–114.
  235. Y. Wen, Z. Tanga, Y. Chen, Y. Gu, Adsorption of Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions using chitosan-coated fly ash composite as biosorbent, Chem. Eng. J., 175 (2011) 110–116.
  236. R.M. Nthumbi, J.C. Ngila, B. Moodley, A. Kindness, L. Petrick, Application of chitosan/polyacrylamide nanofibres for removal of chromate and phosphate in water, Phys. Chem. Earth, 50–52 (2012) 243–251.
  237. A. Adamczuk, D. Kolodynska, Equilibrium, thermodynamic and kinetic studies on removal of chromium, copper, zinc and arsenic from aqueous solutions onto fly ash coated by chitosan, Chem. Eng. J., 274 (2015) 200–212.
  238. D.M. Ruthven, Principles of adsorption and adsorption processes, John willey & sons, (1984) 43–45.
  239. I. Langmuir, The adsorption of gases on plane surfaces of glass, mica and platinum, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 40 (1918) 1361– 1403.
  240. H.M.F. Freundlich, Over the adsorption in solution, J. Phys. Chem., 57 (1906) 385–470.
  241. A. Dabrowski, Adsorption from theory to practice, Adv. Coll. Int. Sci., 93 (2001) 135–224.
  242. R.T. Yang, S.J. Doong, Gas separation by pressure swing adsorption: A pore diffusion model for bulk separation, Amer. Inst. Chem. Eng., 31 (1985) 1829–1842.
  243. J.A. O’Brien, A.L. Myers, Physical adsorption of gases on heterogeneous surfaces series expansion of isotherms using central moments of the adsorption energy distribution, J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans., 80 (1984) 1467–1477.
  244. M. Akhtar, S.M. Hasany, M.I. Bhanger, S. Iqbal, Low cost sorbents for the removal of methyl parathion pesticide from aqueous solutions, Chemosphere, 66 (2007) 1829–1838.
  245. C. Aharoni, F.C. Tompkins, Kinetics of adsorption and desorption and the Elovich equation, in: D.D. Eley, H. Pines, P.B. Weisz (Eds). Advances in catalysis and related subjects, Academic Press, Newyork (1970) 21–22.
  246. R. Sips, On the structure of a catalyst surface, J. Chem. Phys., 16 (1948) 490–495.
  247. W. Fritz, E.U. Schlunder, Simultaneous adsorption equilibria of organic solutes in dilute aqueous solution on activated carbon, Chem. Eng. Sci., 29 (1974) 1279–1282.
  248. C.J. Radke, J.M. Praunsitz, E.U. Fritz, A.L. Myers, Thermodynamics of multi-solute adsorption from dilute aqueous solutions, Chem. Eng. Sci., 33 (1978) 1097–1106.
  249. J. Toth, Calculation of the BET-compatible surface area from any type I isotherms measured above the critical temperature, J. Coll. Interf. Sci., 225 (2000) 378–383.
  250. M. Baudu, Etude des interactions solute-fibres de charbon actif, Application et regeneration, Ph.D Thesis, Universite. De. Rennes. I. (1990).
  251. E.I. El-Shafey, Behaviour of reduction sorption of Chromium( VI) from an aqueous solution on a modified sorbent from rice husk, Water Air Soil Poll., 163 (2005) 81–102.
  252. R. Razmovski, M. Sciban, Biosorption of Cr (VI) and Cu (II) by waste tea fungal biomass, Ecol. Eng., 34 (2008) 170–186.
  253. E. Malkoc, Y. Nuhoglu, Potential of tea factory waste for chromium (VI) removal from aqueous solutions: Thermodynamic and kinetic studies, Sep. Purif. Technol., 54 (2007) 291–298.
  254. A.J. Priya, S.R. Gajulapalli, K. Abburi, V.M. Boddu, Biosorption of Chromium, Copper and Nickel Ions by Tamarindus Indica Fruit Nut Testa, Bioremediat. J., 12 (2008) 145–155.
  255. E. Demirbas, M. Kobya, E. Senturk, T. Ozkan, Adsorption kinetics for the removal of chromium (VI) from aqueous solutions on the activated carbons prepared from agricultural wastes, Water SA, 30 (2004) 533–540.
  256. A.K. Bhattacharya, T.K. Naiya, S.N. Mandal, S.K. Das, Adsorption, kinetics and equilibrium studies on removal of Cr (VI) from aqueous solutions using different low-cost adsorbents, Chem. Eng. J., 137 (2008) 529–541.
  257. X.S. Wang, Z.Z. Li, C. Sun, Removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution by low-cost biosorbents: marine macroalgae and agricultural by-products, J. Hazard Mater., 153 (2008) 1176–118.
  258. N. Tewari, P. Vasudevan, B.K. Guha, Study on biosorption of Cr(VI) by Mucor hiemalis, Biochem. Eng. J., 23 (2005) 185–192.
  259. Y. Khambhaty, K. Mody, S. Basha, B. Jha, Kinetics, equilibrium and thermodynamic studies on biosorption of hexavalent chromium by dead fungal biomass of marine Aspergillus niger, Chem. Eng. J., 145 (2009) 489–495.
  260. W.J. Weber, J.C. Morris, Kinetics of adsorption on carbon from solution, J. Sanitary Eng. Div. Am. Soc. Civ. Eng., 89 (1963) 31–60.
  261. C. Yao, T. Chen, A new simplified method for estimating film mass transfer and surface diffusion coefficients from batch adsorption kinetic data, Chem. Eng. J., 265 (2015) 93–99.
  262. S. Lagergren About the theory of so-called adsorption of soluble substances, K. Sven. Vetenskapsakad. Handl., 24 (1898) 1–39.
  263. W. Cheng, S. Wang, L. Lu, W. Gong, X. Liu, B. Gao, H. Zhang, Removal of malachite green (MG) from aqueous solutions by native and heat treated anaerobic granular sludge, Biochem. Eng. J., 39 (2008) 538–546.
  264. Y.S. Ho, G. McKay, Pseudo-second order model for sorption processes, Proc. Biochem., 34 (1999) 451–465.
  265. M.S. Ozacar, I.A.S. Engil, H. Turkmenler, Equilibrium and kinetic data and adsorption mechanism for adsorption of lead onto valonia tannin resin, Chem. Eng. J., 143 (2008) 32–42.
  266. S.O. Lesmana, N. Febriana, F.E. Soetaredjo, J. Sunarso, S. Ismadji, Studies on potential applications of biomass for the separation of heavy metals from water and wastewater, Biochem. Eng. J., 44 (2009) 19–41.
  267. J. Wang, C. Can, Biosorption of heavy metals by Saccharomyces cerevisiae: A review, Biotechnol. Adv., 24 (2006) 427–451.
  268. Y. Liu, M.C. Lam, H.H.P. Fang, Adsorption of heavy metals by EPS of activated sludge, Water Sci. Technol., 43 (2001) 59–66.
  269. H.C. Flemming, J. Wingender, Relevance of microbial extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs)-Part II: Technical aspects, Water Sci. Technol., 43 (2003) 9–16.
  270. Z.Y. Lin, J.K. Fu, J.M. Wu, Y.Y. Liu, H. Cheng, Preliminary study on the mechanism of non-enzymatic bioreduction of precious metal ions, Acta Phys. Chim. Sin., 17 (2001) 477–480.
  271. T.A. Davis, B. Volesky, A. Mucci, A review of the biochemistry of heavy metal biosorption by brown algae, Water Res., 37 (2003) 4311–4330.
  272. M.E. Portnoy, P.J. Schmidt, R.S. Rogers, Metal transporters that contribute copper to metallochaperones in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Mol. Genet. Genomics, 265 (2011) 873–882.
  273. M.G. Vijver, C.A.M.V. Gestel, R.P. Lanno, N.M. Van Straalen, W.J.G.M. Peijnenburg, Internal metal sequestration and its ecotoxicological relevance: a review, Environ. Sci. Technol., 38 (2004) 4705–4712.
  274. P. Rajendran, J. Muthukrishnan, P. Gunasekaran, Microbes in heavy metal remediation, Indian J. Exp. Biol., 41 (2003) 935–944.
  275. N. Das, R. Vimala, P. Karthika, Biosorption of heavy metals – An overview, Indian J. Biotechnology 7 (2008) 159–169.
  276. R. Gupta, P. Ahuja, S. Khan, R.K. Saxena, H. Mohapatra, Microbial biosorbents: Meeting challenges of heavy metal pollution in aqueous solution, Curr. Sci., 78 (2000) 967–973.