References

1. C. Tan, Z. Zeyu, H. Rong, M. Ruihong, W. Hongtao, L. Wenjing, Adsorption of cadmium by biochar derived from municipal sewage sludge: impact factors and adsorption mechanism, Chemosphere, 134 (2015) 286–293.
2. S.S. Rath, S. Singh, D.S. Rao, B.B. Nayak, B.K. Mishra, Adsorption of heavy metals on a complex Al-Si-O bearing mineral system: insights from theory and experiments, Sep. Purif. Technol., 186 (2017) 28–38.
3. H.S. Ibrahim, N.S. Ammar, M. Soylak, M. Ibrahim, Removal of Cd(II) and Pb(II) from aqueous solution using dried water hyacinth as a biosorbent, Spectrochim. Acta, Part A, 96 (2012) 413–420.
4. I. Hotan, S. Mohammad, M. Kumar, M. Ali, Z. Abdullah, M. Abulhassan, Synthesis, characterization of PMDA/TMSPEDA hybrid nano-composite and its applications as an adsorbent for the removal of bivalent heavy metals ions, Chem. Eng. J., 270 (2015) 9–21.
5. H.A. Shaheen, H.M. Marwani, E.M. Soliman, Selective solid phase extraction and determination of trace Pd(II) using multiwalled carbon nanotubes modified with 8-aminoquinoline, J. Mol. Liq., 232 (2017) 139–146.
6. Z. Bujn, P. Baláz, A. Zorkovská, Z. Danková, J. Brianc, Adsorption of cadmium (II) on waste biomaterial, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 454 (2015) 121–133.
7. A. Ebrahimi, M. Ehteshami, B. Dahrazma, Isotherm and kinetic studies for the biosorption of cadmium from aqueous solution by Alhaji maurorum seed, Proc. Saf. Environ. Protect., 98 (2015) 374–382.
8. G. Zeng, Y. Liu, L. Tang, G. Yang, Y. Pang, Y. Zhang, Y. Zhou, Enhancement of Cd (II) adsorption by polyacrylic acid modified magnetic mesoporous carbon, Chem. Eng. J., 259 (2015) 153–160.
9. F. Shah, N. Ullah, T.G. Kazi, R.A. Khan, M. Sayed, H.I. Afridi, K.H. Shah, J. Nisar, Preconcentration of cadmium and manganese in biological samples based on a novel restricted access sorbents, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 48 (2016) 180–185.
10. J. Huang, Z. Wu, L. Chen, Y. Sun, Surface complexation modeling of adsorption of Cd(II) on graphene oxides, J. Mol. Liq., 209 (2015) 753–758.
11. T.A. Khan, S.A. Chaudhry, I. Ali, Equilibrium uptake, isotherm and kinetic studies of Cd(II) adsorption onto iron oxide activated red mud from aqueous solution, J. Mol. Liq., 202 (2015) 165–175.
12. S. Wu, K. Zhang, X. Wang, Y. Jia, B. Sun, T. Luo, F. Meng, Z. Jin, D. Lin, W. Shen, L. Kong, J. Liu, Enhanced adsorption of cadmium ions by 3D sulfonated reduced graphene oxide, Chem. Eng. J., 262 (2015) 1292–1302.
13. F.A. Al-khaldi, B. Abusharkh, M. Khaled, M. Ali, M.S. Nasser, A. Saleh, S. Agarwal, I. Tyagi, V. Kumar, Adsorptive removal of cadmium (II) ions from liquid phase using acid modified carbon-based adsorbents, J. Mol. Liq., 204 (2015) 255–263.
14. A. Zayed, M. Badruddoza, Z. Bin, Z. Shawon, T. Wei, J. Daniel, K. Hidajat, M. Shahab, Fe₃O₄/cyclodextrin polymer nanocomposites for selective heavy metals removal from industrial wastewater, Carbohydr. Polym., 91 (2013) 322–332.
15. D.K. Osman Arslan, C. Karadaş, Simultaneous preconcentration of copper and cadmium by dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction using N,Nʹ-bis (2-hydroxy-5-bromo-benzyl)1,2 diaminopropane and their determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry, J. AOAC Int., 99 (2016) 1356–1362.
16. Y. Xia, L. Meng, Y. Jiang, Y. Zhang, X. Dai, M. Zhao, Facile preparation of MnO₂ functionalized baker’s yeast composites and their adsorption mechanism for cadmium, Chem. Eng. J., 259 (2015) 927–935.
17. T.S. Anirudhan, F. Shainy, Adsorption behaviour of 2-mercaptobenzamide modified itaconic acid-graftedmagnetite nanocellulose composite for cadmium (II) from aqueous solutions, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 32 (2015) 157–166.
18. L. Alves, F. De Souza, Application of constrained mixture design and Doehlert matrix in the optimization of dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction assisted by ultrasound for preconcentration and determination of cadmium in sediment and water samples by FAAS, Microchem. J., 130 (2017) 56–63.
19. H. Kahe, M. Chamsaz, G.H. Rounaghi, A microextraction method based on ligandless ion-pair formation for measuring the cadmium cation in real samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry, Food Anal. Methods, 9 (2016) 2887–2895.
20. M.O. Ojemaye, O.O. Okoh, A.I. Okoh, Adsorption of Cu²⁺ from aqueous solution by a novel material; azomethine functionalized magnetic nanoparticles, Sep. Purif. Technol., 183 (2017) 204–215.
21. I. Soylak, M. Narin, On-line preconcentration system for cadmium determination in environmental samples by flame atomic absorption spectrometry, Chem. Anal., 50 (2005) 705–715.
22. S.A. Rezvani, A. Soleymanpour, Application of L-cystine modified zeolite for preconcentration and determination of ultra-trace levels of cadmium by flame atomic absorption spectrometry, J. Chromatogr. A, 1436 (2016) 34–41.
23. H. Shirkhanloo, M. Falahnejad, H.Z. Mousavi, On-line ultrasound-assisted dispersive micro-solid-phase extraction based on amino bimodal mesoporous silica nanoparticles for the preconcentration and determination of cadmium in human biological samples, Biol. Trace Elem. Res., 171 (2016) 472–481.
24. R. Nagarajah, K.T. Wong, G. Lee, K.H. Chu, Y. Yoon, N.C. Kim, M. Jang, Synthesis of a unique nanostructured magnesium oxide coated magnetite cluster composite and its application for the removal of selected heavy metals, Sep. Purif. Technol., 174 (2017) 290–300.
25. V. Yilmaz, H. Yilmaz, Z. Arslan, J. Leszczynski, Novel imprinted polymer for the preconcentration of cadmium with determination by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, Anal. Lett., 50 (2016) 1–36.
26. E. Yilmaz, I. Ocsoy, N. Ozdemir, M. Soylak, Bovine serum albumin-Cu(II) hybrid nanoflowers: an effective adsorbent for solid phase extraction and slurry sampling flame atomic absorption spectrometric analysis of cadmium and lead in water, hair, food and cigarette samples, Anal. Chim. Acta, 906 (2016) 110–117.
27. S. Sivrikaya, M. Imamoglu, S.Z. Yıldız, D. Kara, Novel functionalized silica gel for on-line preconcentration of cadmium (II), copper (II), and cobalt (II) with determination by flame atomic absorption spectrometry, Anal. Lett., 49 (2016) 943–957.
28. A.J. Chem, A. Mirabi, D.A.S. Rad, D.M.R. Jamali, N. Danesh, Use of modified g-alumina nanoparticles for the extraction and preconcentration of trace amounts of cadmium ions, Aust. J. Chem., 69 (2016) 314–318.
29. S.Z. Mohammadi, R. Roohparvar, M.A. Taher, Simultaneous separation preconcentration and determination of trace amounts of mercury and cadmium in fruits, vegetables and biological samples, J. Anal. Chem., 71 (2016) 42–49.
30. M. Chatterjee, B. Srivastava, M.K. Barman, B. Mandal, Combined cation-exchange and solid phase extraction for the selective separation and preconcentration of zinc, copper, cadmium, mercury and cobalt among others using azo-dye functionalized resin, J. Chromatogr. A, 1440 (2016) 1–14.
31. E. Igberase, P. Osifo, Equilibrium, kinetic, thermodynamic and desorption studies of cadmium and lead by polyaniline grafted cross-linked chitosan beads from aqueous solution, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 26 (2015) 340–347.
32. M. Reza, R. Sedghi, A. Bagheri, M. Behbahani, Preparation and application of poly (2-amino thiophenol)/MWCNTs nanocomposite for adsorption and separation of cadmium and lead ions via solid phase extraction, J. Hazard. Mater., 203–204 (2012) 93–100.
33. Y. Tu, S. Ju, P. Wang, Flame atomic absorption spectrometric determination of copper, lead, and cadmium in Gastrodiae rhizoma samples after preconcentration using magnetic solidphase extraction, Spectrosc. Lett., 49 (2016) 249–256.
34. M.M.A. El-latif, A.M. Ibrahim, M.S. Showman, R.R.A. Hamide, Alumina/iron oxide nano composite for cadmium ions removal from aqueous solutions, Int. J. Nonferrous Metall., 2 (2013) 47–62.
35. Z. Panjali, A.A. Asgharinezhad, H. Ebrahimzadeh, N. Jalilian, R. Yarahmadi, S.J. Shahtaheri, A simple and fast method based on new magnetic ion imprinted polymer as a highly selective sorbent for preconcentration and determination of cadmium in environmental samples, Iran. J. Public Health, 45 (2016) 1044–1053.
36. M.J. Pirouz, M.H. Beyki, F. Shemirani, Anhydride functionalized calcium ferrite nanoparticles: a new selective magnetic material for enrichment of lead ions from water and food samples, Food Chem., 170 (2015) 131–137.
37. F. Ge, M. Li, H. Ye, B. Zhao, Effective removal of heavy metal ions Cd²⁺, Zn²⁺, Pb²⁺, Cu²⁺ from aqueous solution by polymermodified magnetic nanoparticles, J. Hazard. Mater., 211–212 (2012) 366–372.
38. M. Roushani, Y.M. Baghelani, S. Abbasi, M. Mavaei, S.Z. Mohammadi, Flame atomic absorption spectrometric determination of cadmium in vegetable and water samples after preconcentration using magnetic solid-phase extraction, Int. J. Veg. Sci., 5260 (2017) 304–320.
39. M. Davudabadi Farahani, F. Shemirani, Ferrofluid based dispersive-solid phase extraction for spectrophotometric determination of dyes, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 407 (2013) 250–254.
40. M.D. Farahani, F. Shemirani, M. Gharehbaghi, Ferrofluid-based dispersive solid phase extraction of palladium, Talanta, 109 (2013) 121–127.
41. N. Fasih Ramandi, F. Shemirani, Selective ionic liquid ferrofluid based dispersive-solid phase extraction for simultaneous preconcentration/separation of lead and cadmium in milk and biological samples, Talanta, 131 (2015) 404–411.
42. M. Alvand, F. Shemirani, Fabrication of Fe₃O₄ @ graphene oxide core-shell nanospheres for ferrofluid-based dispersive solid phase extraction as exemplified for Cd (II) as a model analyte, Microchim. Acta, 183 (2016) 1749–1757.
43. S. García-jimeno, J. Estelrich, Ferrofluid based on polyethylene glycol-coated iron oxide nanoparticles: characterization and properties, Colloids Surf. A, 420 (2013) 74–81.
44. M. Shirkhodaie, M. Hossein Beyki, F. Shemirani, Biogenic synthesis of magnetic perlite@iron oxide composite: application as a green support for dye removal, Desal. Wat. Treat., 57 (2016) 11859–11871.
45. J.P. Pouget, M.E. Jozefowicz, A.J. Epstein, X. Tang, S.G. MacDiarmid, X-ray structure of polyaniline, Macromolecules, 24 (1991) 779–789.
46. Q.H. Zeng, D.Z. Wang, A.B. Yu, G.Q. Lu, Synthesis of polymer montmorillonite nanocomposites by in situ intercalative polymerization, Nanotechnology, 13 (2002) 549–553.
47. C. Li, Y. Wei, A. Liivat, Y. Zhu, J. Zhu, Microwave-solvothermal synthesis of Fe₃O₄ magnetic nanoparticles, Mater. Lett., 107 (2013) 23–26.
48. J. Li, H. Yuan, G. Li, Y. Liu, J. Leng, Cation distribution dependence of magnetic properties of solgel prepared MnFe₂O₄ spinel ferrite nanoparticles, J. Magn. Magn. Mater., 322 (2010) 3396–3400.
49. R.M. Khafagy, Synthesis, characterization, magnetic and electrical properties of the novel conductive and magnetic polyaniline/MgFe₂O₄ nanocomposite having the core-shell structure, J. Alloys Compd., 509 (2011) 9849–9857.
50. H. Yan, J. Zhang, C. You, Z. Song, B. Yu, Y. Shen, Influences of different synthesis conditions on properties of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles, Mater. Chem. Phys., 113 (2009) 46–52.
51. M.H. Beyki, M. Bayat, F. Shemirani, Fabrication of core–shell structured magnetic nanocellulose base polymeric ionic liquid for effective biosorption of Congo red dye, Biores. Technol., 218 (2016) 326–334.
52. M. Bayat, M.H. Beyki, F. Shemirani, One-step and biogenic synthesis of magnetic Fe₃O₄-Fir sawdust composite: application for selective preconcentration and determination of gold ions, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 21 (2015) 912–919.
53. A. Dabrowski, Adsorption, from theory to practice, Adv. Colloid Interface Sci., 93 (2001) 135–224.
54. M. Iqbal, N. Iqbal, I. Ahmad, N. Ahmad, M. Zahid, Response surface methodology application in optimization of cadmium adsorption by shoe waste: a good option of waste mitigation by waste, Ecol. Eng., 88 (2016) 265–275.
55. M. Hossein Beyki, M.H. Ghasemi, A. Jamali, F. Shemirani, A novel polylysine–resorcinol base γ-alumina nanotube hybrid material for effective adsorption/preconcentration of cadmium from various matrices, J. Ind. Eng. Chem., 46 (2017) 165–174.
56. R. Khani, S. Sobhani, M.H. Beyki, Highly selective and efficient removal of lead with magnetic nano-adsorbent: multivariate optimization, isotherm and thermodynamic studies, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 466 (2016) 198–205.
57. B. Pan, B. Xing, Adsorption mechanisms of organic chemicals on carbon nanotubes, Environ. Sci. Technol., 42 (2008) 9005–9013.
58. M. Bayat, F. Shemirani, M.H. Beyki, Utilization of facile synthesized Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles as a selective support for preconcentration of lead ions from food and environmental samples, Anal. Methods, 6 (2014) 5345.
59. W. Song, B. Gao, X. Xu, L. Xing, S. Han, P. Duan, W. Song, R. Jia, Adsorption-desorption behavior of magnetic amine/Fe₃O₄ functionalized biopolymer resin towards anionic dyes from wastewater, Biores. Technol., 210 (2016) 123–130.
60. J. Li, Q. Fan, Y. Wu, X. Wang, C. Chen, Z. Tang, X. Wang, Magnetic polydopamine decorated with Mg-Al LDH nanoflakes as a novel bio-based adsorbent for simultaneous removal of potentially toxic metals and anionic dyes, J. Mater. Chem. A, 4 (2016) 1737–1746.
61. A. Sari, D. Mendil, M. Tuzen, M. Soylak, Biosorption of Cd(II) and Cr(III) from aqueous solution by moss (Hylocomium splendens) biomass: equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic studies, Chem. Eng. J., 144 (2008) 1–9.
62. T. Maneerung, J. Liew, Y. Dai, S. Kawi, C. Chong, C.H. Wang, Activated carbon derived from carbon residue from biomass gasification and its application for dye adsorption: kinetics, isotherms and thermodynamic studies, Biores. Technol., 200 (2016) 350–359.
63. L. Sun, D. Chen, S. Wan, Z. Yu, Performance, kinetics, and equilibrium of methylene blue adsorption on biochar derived from eucalyptus saw dust modified with citric, tartaric, and acetic acids, Biores. Technol., 198 (2015) 300–308.
64. N.K. Goel, V. Kumar, N. Misra, L. Varshney, Cellulose based cationic adsorbent fabricated via radiation grafting process for treatment of dyes waste water, Carbohydr. Polym., 132 (2015) 444–451.
65. S. Lin, Heavy metal removal from water by sorption using surfactant-modified montmorillonite, J. Hazard. Mater., 92 (2002) 315–326.
66. M.M. Saeed, Adsorption profile and thermodynamic parameters of the preconcentration of Eu(III)-on 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone loaded polyurethane (PUR) foam, J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., 256 (2003) 73–80.
67. A. Dada, A. Olalekan, A. Olatunya, O. Dada, Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin–Radushkevich isotherms studies of equilibrium sorption of Zn²⁺ unto phosphoric acid modified rice husk, IOSR J. Appl. Chem., 3 (2012) 38–45.
68. O. Redlich, D.L. Peterson, A useful adsorption isotherm, J. Phys. Chem., 63 (1959) 1024–1024.
69. K.Y. Foo, B.H. Hameed, Insights into the modeling of adsorption isotherm systems, Chem. Eng. J., 156 (2010) 2–10.
70. P. Senthil Kumar, S. Ramalingam, C. Senthamarai, M. Niranjanaa, P. Vijayalakshmi, S. Sivanesan, Adsorption of dye from aqueous solution by cashew nut shell: studies on equilibrium isotherm, kinetics and thermodynamics of interactions, Desalination, 261 (2010) 52–60.
71. H. Shahbeig, N. Bagheri, S.A. Ghorbanian, A. Hallajisani, S. Poorkarimi, A new adsorption isotherm model of aqueous solutions on granular activated carbon, World J. Model. Simul., 9 (2013) 243–254.
72. Z.S. Kardar, M.H. Beyki, F. Shemirani, Development of an efficient enrichment system for copper determination in water and food samples based on p-phenylenediamine anchored magnetic titanium dioxide nanowires, Int. J. Environ. Anal. Chem., 96 (2016) 1276–1289.
73. M.J. Aghagoli, M.H. Beyki, F. Shemirani, Application of dahlia-like molybdenum disulfide nanosheets for solid phase extraction of Co (II) in vegetable and water samples, Food Chem., 223 (2017) 8–15.