References

  1. H. El-Dessouky, H. Ettouney, Fundamentals of Salt Water Desalination, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2002.
  2. I.S. Al-Mutaz, Features of multi-effect evaporation desalination plants, Desal. Wat. Treat., 54 (2014) 3227–3235.
  3. H.T. El-Dessouky, I. Alatiqi, H.M. Ettouney, Process synthesis: the multistage flash desalination system, Desalination, 115 (1998) 155–179.
  4. M.M.A. Raja, K.K. Murugavela, T. Rajaseenivasanb, K. Sritharb, A review on flash evaporation desalination, Desal. Wat. Treat., 57 (2016) 13462–13471.
  5. C.S. Khor, D.C.Y. Foo, M.M. El-Halwagi, R.R. Tan, N. Shah, A superstructure optimization approach for membrane separation-based water regeneration network synthesis with detailed nonlinear mechanistic reverse osmosis model, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 50 (2011) 13444–13456.
  6. M.M. El-Halwagi, Synthesis of optimal reverse-osmosis networks for waste reduction, AIChE J., 38 (1992) 1185–1198.
  7. M.T.M. Pendergast, M.S. Nowosielski-Slepowron, J. Tracy, Going big with forward osmosis, Desal. Wat. Treat., 57 (2016) 26529–26538.
  8. T.Y. Cath, A.E. Childress, M. Elimelech, Forward osmosis: principles, applications, and recent developments, J. Membr. Sci., 281 (2006) 70–87.
  9. R. González-Bravo, F. Nápoles-Rivera, J.M. Ponce-Ortega, M. Nyapathi, N.A. Elsayed, M.M. El-Halwagi, Synthesis of optimal thermal membrane distillation networks, AIChE J., 61 (2015) 448–463.
  10. N.A. Elsayed, M.A. Barrufet, M.M. El-Halwagi, Integration of thermal membrane distillation networks with processing facilities, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 53 (2014) 5284–5298.
  11. H. Al-Fulaij, A. Cipollina, D. Bogle, H. Ettouney, Once through multistage flash desalination: gPROMS dynamic and steady state modeling, Desal. Wat. Treat., 18 (2010) 46–60.
  12. M.B. Ali, L. Kairouani, Solving equations describing the steady-state model of msf desalination process using solver optimization tool of Matlab software, Desal. Wat. Treat., 52 (2014) 7473–7483.
  13. J. Gebel, Thermal Desalination Processes, Desalination: Water from Water, Ed. J. Kucera, Scrivener Pub., Beverly, MA, USA, 2014, pp. 41–154.
  14. M. Rosso, A. Beltmmini, M. Mazzotti, M. Morbidelli, Modeling multistage flash desalination plants, Desalination, 108 (1996) 365–374.
  15. M.S. Tanvir, I.M. Mujtaba, Optimisation of design and operation of msf desalination process using MINLP technique in gPROMS, Desalination, 222 (2008) 419–430.
  16. M.M. El-Halwagi, Sustainable Design through Process Integration: Fundamentals and Applications to Industrial Pollution Prevention, Resource Conservation, and Profitability Enhancement, Butterworth-Heinemann/Elsevier, Oxford, UK, 2012.
  17. K. Gabriel, M.M. El-Halwagi, P. Linke, Optimization across water-energy nexus for integrating heat, power, and water for industrial processes coupled with hybrid thermal-membrane desalination, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 55 (2016) 3442–3466.
  18. K.J. Gabriel, M.M.B. Noureldin, P. Linke, M.M. El-Halwagi, Optimization of multi-effect distillation process using a linear enthalpy model, Desalination, 365 (2015) 261–276.
  19. S. Atilhan, A. Bin-Mahfouz, B. Batchelor, P. Linke, A. Abdel-Wahab, F. Nápoles-Rivera, A. Jiménez-Gutiérrez, M.M. El-Halwagi, A systems-integration approach to the optimization of macroscopic water desalination and distribution networks: a general framework applied to qatar’s water resources, Clean Technol. Environ. Policy, 14 (2012) 161–171.
  20. C.F. Beaton, G.F. Hewitt, Physical Property Data for the Chemical and Mechanical Engineer, Hemisphere Publishing Corp., Taylor and Francis, New York, 1989.
  21. M.H. Sharqawy, J.H. Lienhard, S.M. Zubair, Thermophysical properties of seawater: a review of existing correlations and data, Desal. Wat. Treat., 16 (2010) 354–380.
  22. L.A. Bromley, Relative enthalpies of sea salt solutions at 25°C, J. Chem. Eng. Data, 13 (1968) 399–402.
  23. D.N. Connors, On the enthalpy of seawater, Limnol. Oceanography, 15 (1970) 587–594.
  24. L. Schrage, Optimization Modeling with LINGO, 6th ed., LINDO Systems, Chicago, 2006.